History by Adams Media

Author:Adams Media
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: learning, history, intellectual
Publisher: F+W Media
Published: 2012-08-14T16:00:00+00:00

Russian Revolution

The Russian Revolution of 1917 consisted of two separate events. The first was the March Revolution, which was precipitated by the catastrophic losses sustained by poorly led and equipped Russian troops in World War I and the collapse of the economy. Food shortages threatened civilians with starvation and workers started demonstrations and strikes in Petrograd. When the local garrison joined the revolt, Tsar Nicolas II was forced to abdicate and a provisional government was appointed. Following months of political unrest by opposing factions, the second event, the November Revolution, replaced the provisional government with the Bolshevik party led by Vladimir Lenin.

Lenin did not have a firm hold on the government and the Russian Civil War broke out in 1918 between the Red Army — Bolsheviks or communists — and the White Army — consisting of conservatives, monarchists, and anti-Bolshevik groups. This war lasted four years and was responsible for the deaths of an estimated 15 million people. Having killed or imprisoned most of his opposition, Lenin and the Bolsheviks triumphed to form the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in 1922. Lenin died in 1923 and was succeeded by Stalin as the head of the Communist Party.

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